\u062a\u0638\u0644 “\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0641 \u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a” (Active Directory) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 90% \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a Fortune 1000. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 “\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0641 \u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a” \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 “\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0641 \u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a” \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n
“\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0641 \u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a” \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 Change Healthcare \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2024 \u0643\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 “\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0641 \u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a”. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 “\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0641 \u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a”\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0630\u0648\u0627 \u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u064f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n
\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 “\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0641 \u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a”\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u062a\u0643 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a “\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0641 \u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a” \u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n
\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629: \u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629” (Golden Ticket Attacks) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u062a\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a “DCSync” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0623\u0630\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u062a\u062c\u0632\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 “Kerberoasting” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n
\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a “\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0641 \u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a” \u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 Azure AD Connect\u060c \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n
\u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 OAuth \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 NTLM \u0645\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0623 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0621\u0627\u064b. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n
\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0646 (Verizon’s Data Breach Investigation Report) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a 88% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0634\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n
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